世界上所有铂金只有1.4万吨
自然界铂金的储量比黄金要稀少许多,据不完全统计,世界铂金总储量约为1.4万吨(铂族元素矿产资源总储量约为3.1万吨),仅为黄金储量的5%,体积约为653立方米,就是说;全球的铂金储量加在一起也只能够装满满套三居室.1盎司铂金需从数十吨铂金矿石中历经5个月才能提炼出来.虽然有60多个国家都发现铂矿存在,但占世界总储量98%的铂金却高度集中在南非和俄罗斯,最令人称奇的是两个国家也只有极少数地区才拥有这种珍稀的矿藏.其中南非阿扎尼亚的铂金储量约为1.2万吨,以德兰土瓦铂金矿床最著名,是世界上最大的铂矿床;俄罗斯的铂金储量为1866吨,曾在乌拉尔砂铂矿中发现过重达8--9公厅的自然铂,在原生矿中也获得过重427.5克的自然铂.
此外,美国、加拿大和哥伦比亚也有一定的储藏量。我国铂金储量有300多吨,铂矿主要集中在西部的甘肃、云南和四川三省。在这三省中,主要的矿床有三个,即甘肃金川的白家嘴,云南弥渡的金宝山和四川的杨柳坪,其中,白家嘴铂金储量占我国总储量的90%。
现在,每年世界铂金的年产量仅90吨左右,远远少于黄金,而且铂金提炼较黄金更为困难,所以其价格较黄金更加昂贵。我国铂金年产量4吨左右,根本不可能满足我国日益增长的需求,所以只能依靠出口。
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